English | ISBN: 978-3-031-78162-9 | 2025 | 257 pages | PDF | 6 MB
The theory of anticipation suggests that systems, both biological and social, can adapt and update based on predictive models. Cities, which can be seen as complex systems that are associated with innovation, are undergoing changes in response to current socio-ecological transitions. Therefore, cities can be viewed as anticipatory systems that may signal future transformations that arise in response to the challenges posed by these ongoing socio-ecological transitions.
